Paint distributer



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(Model) A. PEELER.

PAINT DISTRIBUTER.

Patented Apr. 25, 1882,

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(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet2.

' A. PEELER.

PAINT DISTRIBUTE-R. No. 256,852. Patented Apr.25. 1882.

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' ATTORNEY N. PEYERS. Pholn-Lllhugnphnr. Waihingtnn. DJ;

'UNITED STATES PATENT 'Orricn.

ABNER- PEELER, OF FORT DODGE, IOWA, ASSIGNOR TO LIBERTY WALKUP ANDCHARLES WALKUP, OF SAME PLACE.

PAINT-DISTRIBUTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 256,852, dated April 25, 1882.

Application filed October 1, 1881. (ModeL) T all whom 2t may concern Beit known that I, ABNER PEELER, of Fort Dodge, in the county of Websterand State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful 5 Improvementsin Pigmeiit-Distributers; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in devices for distributingpigments, the object being to apply to surfaces of any character allkinds of liquid coloring-matter in a state of extreme attenuation.

With this end in view my invention consists in the combination, with areciprocating needle arranged and adapted to feed a quantity of liquidpigment toits point at every stroke, of devices for projecting a jet ofair against the needle and atomizing the liquid pigment.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a reciprocatiu gneedle and a grooved or trough-shaped liquid-pigment receptacle, ofdevices for projecting a jet of air against the point of the needle andatoniizing the liquid pigment.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a liquid-pigmentreceptacle, of a fan and a needle connected with the fan and 0 adaptedto be reciprocated thereby.

My invention further consists in the com bination, with a liquid-pigmentreceptacle, a fan, and a needle connected therewith, of devices toproject a jet of air both upon the fan and 5 upon the needle.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a reciprocatingneedle, a pigmentreceptaole, and a fan, of a supply-pipe branching atits upper end in to two pipes respectively 0 adapted to project a jet ofair upon the fan and the point of the needle.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a reciprocatingneedle, a pi ginentreceptacle, and a fan, of a supply-pipe adapted 5 tocarry to and projectjets of air upon the fan and needle, and a valvearranged to regulate the passage of air through the supply-pipe.

My invention further consists in the combination, with a reciprocatingneedle, a pi gmen treceptacle, and a fan, of a supply-pipe adapted tocarry compressed air to the fan and needle, and an air-pump inconnection with said supply-pipe.

My invention further consists in certain details ofconstruction andcombinations ofparts, as will be m ore fully hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is a top view of mypigment-distributor. Fig. 2 is a reverse view thereof; and Fig. 3 is aview, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the air pump andchamber.

A represents a hand-piece, of any size, material, and construction, towhich the several parts of my improved pigment-distributer are secured.

B isa supply-pipe, through which compressed air is forced from anydesired source to the small pipes O and D, which branch from its upperextremity, and which respectively conduct 7o jets of air to the fan Eand to the point of the needle F.

A receptacle, G, designed to receive and contain the pigment to bedistributed, is mounted upon a support, H, secured to the hand-piece A.The groove Lon the front face of the said receptacle is adapted toreceive the needle F, which is retained therein by a staple, J, or byany equivalent device. As this groove forms the deepest portion of thereceptacle, the col- 8o oring-matter introduced thereinto will gravifatetoward it and supply the feeding-needle F nntil exhausted. Thereceptacle is not necessarily confined to thcspoon-like form shown inthe drawings, as it is apparent that many other shapes may be resortedto, f desired, which will fill the same function equally well. The formshown is, however, excellentlyadapted for the purpose, inasmuch as thepigment can be readily introduced into it and as easily go removed whendesired to employ a pigment of another color. This last is a valuablefeature, for in the transition from one color to another all artiststools should be perfectly clean.

The fan E, which-is pivotally secured to an arm, K, projectingrearwardly from the said receptacle G, is rapidly revolved by an airet,which issues from the pipe 0, an Which impinges against its cup-shapedarms L. Any other form of fan adapted to be revolved by an air-currentmay, however, be employed in lieu of the one shown. The needle Facts asavehicle for carrying forward and allowing minute quantities of thepigment in the receptacle to be subjected to the action of an air-jetissuing from the p pe D. To this end it is reciprocated in thereceptacle and, before the mouth of the said pipe, which should helocated at right angles to it. This is accomplished by securing its rearend to the fanjust to one side of the axis thereof. The union betweenthe fan and the needle may be effected in several different ways. Therear end of the needle may be bent at right angles to it and the bentportion inserted in a socket, M, located close to the axisN of the fan;or the fan may be provided with a wrist-pin and the needle adapted to beconnet-ted therewith. Still, again, the needle may be reciprocated bythe fan by providing the latter with a crank-shaft and attaching therear end of the needle thereto.

in order that the device may-be perfectly under the control of theoperating artist, the supply-pipe B is provided with a valve adapted tobe operated by the hand. It consists of a plate, 0, pivotally secured tothe hand-piece A, the lower end of the said plate being adapted toimpinge against and force into the aperture P a portion of the flexiblepipe Q, through which the air is conducted to the pipe B. A shallowgroove, R, extends from the aperture to the lower end of the pipe B,'andthus insuresthe ready passage of air from one pipe to the other. Thevalve is normally closed by the action of a spring, S, which is readilyovercome and the valve opened by a slight pressure of the finger of thehand holding the handpiece. As this pressure may be applied and releasedas often as need be, the valve is made perfectly responsive to the wishof the artist.

The air-pump designed to be used with my t)igtnent-distributer isadapted to be. worked by foot-power. It consists of a standard, T,

to which an upright cylindrical air-chamber,

U, is secured. A cylinder, V, has communication with the said chamber Uthrough an aperture,W, located in the chamber X, which is the lower ofthe two chambers into which the said cylinder is divided by theperforated disk Y.

A piston-rod, Z, suitably packed, is adapted to be reciprocated in theupper chamber of the cylinder V by power transmitted from the footpedal0 through a pitman,D. As the piston descends it will force a column ofair into the lower chamber, X, and in so doing 0\ ercome the force ofthe spring E,which normally supports a disk, F, in contact with theperforated disk Y, and thus prevents the escape of compressed air fromthe chamber U through the chamber X into the chamber in which the pistonitself is located. When the said disk F is depressed the air carriedbefore the piston will flow intothe chamber X, and thence into theair-ehamber -U. The moment the piston completes i s stroke, the pressurebeing removed from the spring E, it will react and again hold the disk Fagainst the perforated disk Y. A short pipe, G, is secured to the top ofthe chamber U for the attachment of the flexible pipe Q, which conductsthe air to the supply-pipe B ot the distributer. The particular value ofthe air-chamber U lies in the fact that the compressed air is suppliedto the pipe B in a more even current than could be obtained by itsconnection directly with the cylinder V.

Having fully described my invention in detail, I shall now proceed toexplain its modes opcrandt'.

Let it be first supposed that the air-chamber is filled with .air underpressure, and that a suitable quantity of P010! has been introduced intothe pigment-receptacle. It, now, by a slight pressure of the finger, thevalve in the supply-pipe is opened, a current of air will flow throughboth of the pipes O and D, respectively actuating the fan andreciprocating the needle and projecting a jet across the space in frontof the needle and at right angles to the path in which it reciprocates.In the reciprocatory movement of the needle its point is drawn withinand immersed in the pigment in the receptacle, a small quantity ofwhichwill adhere to it. When, now, the needle is thrown forward its pointwill divide the air-jet issuing from the pipe D, and the adhering colorwill be blown from its opposite sides thereby and carried to any objectwithin convenient range of the jet. The quantity of color adhering tothe needle is so small and its atomization so 7 perfect that theindividual particles of color are hardly discernible upon the objectonwhich they are thrown. It will therefore follow that with my distributorand with one pigment colored effects may be produced which will descendfrom the palest tints capable of being produced by the extremeattenuation of the color through all of the intermediate tints down tothe depth of color formed by the paint in mass. As the tone of thedifferent efi'ects will depend upon the length of time that the jet isdirected to any one point, exquisitely graded shading may be produced byits careful manipulation.

In polychromatic painting, in the prosecution of which it is oftennecessary in order to obtain the desired tints to apply one pigment uponthe surface of another color, my distributer will be of great value, asafter it has been used to apply one color'the pigment-receptacle may becleansed and another color introduced into it and distributed upon thecolor first applied. In this waya blending of colormay be producedalmost unattainable in brush-painting. In painting portraits, either incolor or in sepia, and in finishing solar prints the device may also beused to excellent purpose on account of its adaptation to produce thosesoft IIS and delicate tints which this class of work demands. In fact,in all situations requiring delicate coloring my device will be found agreat aid in the application thereof.

I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exactconstruction shown and described. but hold myself at liberty to makesuch slight changes and alterations as fairly fall within the scope andspirit of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a reciprocatin needle arranged and adapted tofeed a quantity of liquid pigment to its point at every stroke, ofdevices for projecting a jet of air against the needle and atomizing theliquid pigment, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a reciprocating needle and a grooved ortrough-shaped liquid-pigment receptacle, of devices for projecting ajetof air against the pointof the needle and atomizing the liquid pigment,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a reciprocating needle and a liquid-pigmentreceptacle, of an air-jet tube arranged at right angles to the point ofthe needle, and apparatus for projecting a jet of air against theneedlepoint,

substantially as set forth.

4; The combination, with a liquid-pigment receptacle, of a fan and aneedle connected with the fan and adapted to be reciprocated thereby,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a liquid-pigment receptacle, a fan, and aneedle connected therewith, of devices to project a jet of air both uponthe fan and upon the needle, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a liquid-pigment receptacle, of a fan, a needleadapted to be reciprocated in the receptacle by attachment to the fan ata point near the axis thereof, and

devices to project a jet of air both upon the point of the needle andupon the periphery of the fan, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with a reciprocating needle, a pigment-receptacle,and a fan, of a supply-pipe branching at its upper end into two pipesrespectively adapted to project a jet of air upon the fan and the pointof the necdle, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with a reciprocating needle, a pigment-receptacle,and a fan, of a supply-pipe adapted to convey jets of air upon the fanand needle, and a valve adapted to regulate the passage of air throughthe supply-pipe, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with a reciprocating needle, a pigment-receptacle,and a fan, of a supply-pipe for carrying air-jets to the fan and needle,a flexible pipe attached to the lower end of the supply-pipe andcommunicating therewith through an aperture in the side thereof, and aspring pressed plate adapted to compress the flexible pipe,substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with a reciprocating needle, a pigment-receptacle,and a fan, of a supply-pipe adapted to convey compressed air to the fanand needle, and an air-pump in connection with said supply-pipe,substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with a reciprocating needle, a pigment-receptacle,and a fan, of a supply-pipe adapted to convey compressed air to the fanand needle, an air-chamber connected with said pipe, and an air-pump forforcing air into the said chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed thisspecification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ABNER PEELER.

Witnesses:

L. WALKUP, J. M. DERING.

